241 lines
7.0 KiB
Go
241 lines
7.0 KiB
Go
// Copyright 2018 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
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// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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// Package h2c implements the unencrypted "h2c" form of HTTP/2.
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//
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// The h2c protocol is the non-TLS version of HTTP/2 which is not available from
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// net/http or golang.org/x/net/http2.
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package h2c
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import (
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"bufio"
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"bytes"
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"encoding/base64"
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"errors"
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"fmt"
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"io"
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"log"
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"net"
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"net/http"
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"net/textproto"
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"os"
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"strings"
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"golang.org/x/net/http/httpguts"
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"golang.org/x/net/http2"
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)
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var (
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http2VerboseLogs bool
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)
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func init() {
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e := os.Getenv("GODEBUG")
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if strings.Contains(e, "http2debug=1") || strings.Contains(e, "http2debug=2") {
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http2VerboseLogs = true
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}
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}
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// h2cHandler is a Handler which implements h2c by hijacking the HTTP/1 traffic
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// that should be h2c traffic. There are two ways to begin a h2c connection
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// (RFC 7540 Section 3.2 and 3.4): (1) Starting with Prior Knowledge - this
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// works by starting an h2c connection with a string of bytes that is valid
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// HTTP/1, but unlikely to occur in practice and (2) Upgrading from HTTP/1 to
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// h2c - this works by using the HTTP/1 Upgrade header to request an upgrade to
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// h2c. When either of those situations occur we hijack the HTTP/1 connection,
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// convert it to a HTTP/2 connection and pass the net.Conn to http2.ServeConn.
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type h2cHandler struct {
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Handler http.Handler
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s *http2.Server
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}
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// NewHandler returns an http.Handler that wraps h, intercepting any h2c
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// traffic. If a request is an h2c connection, it's hijacked and redirected to
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// s.ServeConn. Otherwise the returned Handler just forwards requests to h. This
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// works because h2c is designed to be parseable as valid HTTP/1, but ignored by
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// any HTTP server that does not handle h2c. Therefore we leverage the HTTP/1
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// compatible parts of the Go http library to parse and recognize h2c requests.
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// Once a request is recognized as h2c, we hijack the connection and convert it
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// to an HTTP/2 connection which is understandable to s.ServeConn. (s.ServeConn
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// understands HTTP/2 except for the h2c part of it.)
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//
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// The first request on an h2c connection is read entirely into memory before
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// the Handler is called. To limit the memory consumed by this request, wrap
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// the result of NewHandler in an http.MaxBytesHandler.
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func NewHandler(h http.Handler, s *http2.Server) http.Handler {
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return &h2cHandler{
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Handler: h,
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s: s,
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}
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}
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// extractServer extracts existing http.Server instance from http.Request or create an empty http.Server
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func extractServer(r *http.Request) *http.Server {
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server, ok := r.Context().Value(http.ServerContextKey).(*http.Server)
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if ok {
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return server
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}
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return new(http.Server)
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}
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// ServeHTTP implement the h2c support that is enabled by h2c.GetH2CHandler.
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func (s h2cHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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// Handle h2c with prior knowledge (RFC 7540 Section 3.4)
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if r.Method == "PRI" && len(r.Header) == 0 && r.URL.Path == "*" && r.Proto == "HTTP/2.0" {
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if http2VerboseLogs {
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log.Print("h2c: attempting h2c with prior knowledge.")
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}
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conn, err := initH2CWithPriorKnowledge(w)
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if err != nil {
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if http2VerboseLogs {
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log.Printf("h2c: error h2c with prior knowledge: %v", err)
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}
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return
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}
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defer conn.Close()
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s.s.ServeConn(conn, &http2.ServeConnOpts{
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Context: r.Context(),
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BaseConfig: extractServer(r),
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Handler: s.Handler,
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SawClientPreface: true,
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})
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return
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}
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// Handle Upgrade to h2c (RFC 7540 Section 3.2)
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if isH2CUpgrade(r.Header) {
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conn, settings, err := h2cUpgrade(w, r)
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if err != nil {
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if http2VerboseLogs {
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log.Printf("h2c: error h2c upgrade: %v", err)
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}
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w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
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return
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}
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defer conn.Close()
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s.s.ServeConn(conn, &http2.ServeConnOpts{
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Context: r.Context(),
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BaseConfig: extractServer(r),
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Handler: s.Handler,
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UpgradeRequest: r,
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Settings: settings,
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})
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return
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}
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s.Handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
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return
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}
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// initH2CWithPriorKnowledge implements creating a h2c connection with prior
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// knowledge (Section 3.4) and creates a net.Conn suitable for http2.ServeConn.
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// All we have to do is look for the client preface that is suppose to be part
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// of the body, and reforward the client preface on the net.Conn this function
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// creates.
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func initH2CWithPriorKnowledge(w http.ResponseWriter) (net.Conn, error) {
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hijacker, ok := w.(http.Hijacker)
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if !ok {
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return nil, errors.New("h2c: connection does not support Hijack")
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}
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conn, rw, err := hijacker.Hijack()
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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const expectedBody = "SM\r\n\r\n"
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buf := make([]byte, len(expectedBody))
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n, err := io.ReadFull(rw, buf)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2c: error reading client preface: %s", err)
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}
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if string(buf[:n]) == expectedBody {
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return newBufConn(conn, rw), nil
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}
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conn.Close()
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return nil, errors.New("h2c: invalid client preface")
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}
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// h2cUpgrade establishes a h2c connection using the HTTP/1 upgrade (Section 3.2).
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func h2cUpgrade(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (_ net.Conn, settings []byte, err error) {
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settings, err = getH2Settings(r.Header)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, nil, err
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}
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hijacker, ok := w.(http.Hijacker)
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if !ok {
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return nil, nil, errors.New("h2c: connection does not support Hijack")
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}
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body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, nil, err
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}
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r.Body = io.NopCloser(bytes.NewBuffer(body))
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conn, rw, err := hijacker.Hijack()
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if err != nil {
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return nil, nil, err
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}
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rw.Write([]byte("HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" +
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"Connection: Upgrade\r\n" +
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"Upgrade: h2c\r\n\r\n"))
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return newBufConn(conn, rw), settings, nil
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}
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// isH2CUpgrade returns true if the header properly request an upgrade to h2c
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// as specified by Section 3.2.
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func isH2CUpgrade(h http.Header) bool {
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return httpguts.HeaderValuesContainsToken(h[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey("Upgrade")], "h2c") &&
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httpguts.HeaderValuesContainsToken(h[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey("Connection")], "HTTP2-Settings")
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}
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// getH2Settings returns the settings in the HTTP2-Settings header.
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func getH2Settings(h http.Header) ([]byte, error) {
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vals, ok := h[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey("HTTP2-Settings")]
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if !ok {
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return nil, errors.New("missing HTTP2-Settings header")
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}
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if len(vals) != 1 {
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return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected 1 HTTP2-Settings. Got: %v", vals)
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}
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settings, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(vals[0])
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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return settings, nil
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}
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func newBufConn(conn net.Conn, rw *bufio.ReadWriter) net.Conn {
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rw.Flush()
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if rw.Reader.Buffered() == 0 {
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// If there's no buffered data to be read,
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// we can just discard the bufio.ReadWriter.
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return conn
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}
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return &bufConn{conn, rw.Reader}
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}
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// bufConn wraps a net.Conn, but reads drain the bufio.Reader first.
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type bufConn struct {
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net.Conn
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*bufio.Reader
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}
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func (c *bufConn) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
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if c.Reader == nil {
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return c.Conn.Read(p)
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}
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n := c.Reader.Buffered()
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if n == 0 {
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c.Reader = nil
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return c.Conn.Read(p)
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}
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if n < len(p) {
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p = p[:n]
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}
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return c.Reader.Read(p)
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}
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